What is the difference between rayleigh and rician fading

Narasimha; Satyanarayana, R. Abstract: Multipath fading and motion induced fading are the two most severe performance limiting phenomena in wireless environments.

In a wireless communication channel, there can be more than one path in which the signal can travel between the transmitter and receiver. The presence of multipath components may be due to atmospheric reflection or refraction, or due to reflections from other Interfering Objects IOs.

In a more general case of multipath propagation, which involves a radio channel with several IOs and a moving receiver, a deterministic description of the radio channel is not efficient, and we have to resort to statistical methods. The statistical description of the radio channels is essential for wireless communication applications.

Though Rayleigh fading is an excellent approximation in a large number of practical scenarios, there are scenarios where it is not valid. The Rician model can be shown to exhibit a smaller number of deep fades; the stronger the Line-of-Sight LOS component, the rarer the occurrence of deep fades. In this paper, the performances of both the Rayleigh and Rician fading channels are analyzed under frequency-selective fading, in terms of error probability, and it is shown that due to the presence of an LOS component, the Rician fading exhibits less error probability than the Rayleigh fading.

Which of the following option cannot be employed to overcome fading? Explanation: Increased instantaneous bandwidth for multipath resolution and equalization can mitigate the effect of fading. The reduction of channel symbol rate can reduce intersymbol interference. Explanation: In flat fading, the multipath structure of the channel is such that spectral characteristics of the transmitted signal are preserved at the receiver.

But, the strength of the received signal changes with time due to fluctuations in the gain of channel caused by multipath. Selective fading affects unequally the different spectral components of a radio signal. What is the difference between Rayleigh and Rician fading? What is Rayleigh fading distribution? How does CDMA minimize fading? How can slow fading be minimized? Why small scale fading is also called Rayleigh fading? What are the assumptions for Rayleigh fading?

What are the parameters used for large scale fading? Why does small scale fading occur in Mcq?